Salts & brines

Copper(II) sulfate · CuSO4

Name: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) aqueous solution properties
Creator: ProcessConvert
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) is a salt; this page gives computed density, dynamic viscosity and specific heat capacity for aqueous solutions from 2–12 wt% and 15–60 °C.

Values are computed from the Laliberté (2009) aqueous-electrolyte correlation and tabulated over 2–12 wt% and 15–60 °C.

Also known as: Copper sulfate, Cupric sulfate, Blue vitriol, Bluestone
CAS number: 7758-98-7
Tabulated range: 2–12 wt% · 15–60 °C
Properties: Density · Dynamic viscosity · Specific heat capacity · Specific gravity

At 10 wt% · 20 °C

reference snapshot

Density: 1107.5kg/m³
Density: 1.1075g/cm³
Specific gravity: 1.109
Viscosity: 1.572cP
Specific heat: 3731J/kg·K

Explore

Read a value at any point

Move the sliders to interpolate between the tabulated grid points. The readout and chart never go outside the validated 2–12 wt% and 15–60 °C range, and every number is interpolated from the committed table below — nothing is computed from a chemistry model in your browser.

Interactive explorer

Values are interpolated between the tabulated grid points below — sliders stay within the validated 2–12 wt% and 15–60 °C range.

Concentration7 wt%

Temperature20 °C

Density: 1073.0 kg/m³
Density: 1.0730 g/cm³
Specific gravity: 1.075
Dynamic viscosity: 1.376 cP
Specific heat: 3866 J/kg·K

Density (kg/m³) vs wt% CuSO4 at 20 °C — Copper(II) sulfate.

Why it matters

What the numbers tell you

At 10 wt% and 20 °C, aqueous copper(II) sulfate has a density of about 1108 kg/m³ (1.107 g/cm³) — roughly 1.11× the density of water. It also has a dynamic viscosity of about 1.572 cP, against roughly 1 cP for water at the same temperature, and a specific heat of about 3.73 kJ/kg·K, about 89% of water’s 4.18 kJ/kg·K. Those differences carry straight into volume-to-mass conversions, pump and pipe sizing, and the heat needed to change its temperature.

Common grades

A few working strengths

Properties at 20 °C for a handful of concentrations in everyday use, read from the committed grid (interpolated between tabulated points where a grade falls between them). The full table follows below.

wt% CuSO4	°C	Density kg/m³	SG	Viscosity cP	Sp. heat J/kg·K
4	20	1039.8	1.042	1.200	4002
8	20	1084.2	1.086	1.437	3821
12	20	1131.4	1.133	1.720	3643

Sources

Where the numbers come from

Every value on this page is computed by a deterministic model — none is entered by hand. The generating method and the references it is checked against:

▸Laliberte, M. (2009). A Model for Calculating the Heat Capacity of Aqueous Solutions, with Updated Density and Viscosity Data. J. Chem. Eng. Data 54(6), 1725-1760. doi:10.1021/je8008123
▸CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed. (Haynes, ed., 2016) - Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions (density and viscosity at 20 degC)
▸CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics - Aqueous Solubility of Inorganic Compounds at Various Temperatures (solubility bounds for the tabulated range)

Model: thermo==0.4.0 (chemicals==1.3.0) - Laliberte 2009 electrolyte correlation · Generated 2026-06-07

The committed data file for this page is published as JSON on GitHub under CC BY 4.0.

Validation

Checked against a cited value

The model is cross-checked at one independently cited reference point. The page is published only because this check passes.

Property / point	Density · 10 wt% · 20 °C
Cited reference value	1107 kg/m3
Model computed	1107.5 kg/m3
Error vs reference	0.045% (tolerance 1%)

CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed.. Haynes, W.M. (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed. (CRC Press, 2016), Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions: Density, Refractive Index, Freezing Point Depression, and Viscosity, p. 5-120: 10.0 mass % CuSO4 at 20 degC = 1.1070 g/cm3 (primary data: Sohnel & Novotny 1985; Wolf 1966).

Full tables

Every tabulated point

Rows are temperature (°C); columns are concentration (wt% CuSO4). Read the cell at the intersection. Specific gravity is density divided by the model water reference of 998.2 kg/m³ at 20 °C.

Density — kg/m³

°C \ wt%	2	4	6	8	10	12
15	1019.7	1040.9	1062.9	1085.6	1109.0	1133.1
20	1018.7	1039.8	1061.7	1084.2	1107.5	1131.4
25	1017.4	1038.5	1060.2	1082.6	1105.8	1129.6
30	1015.9	1036.9	1058.5	1080.8	1103.8	1127.5
35	1014.2	1035.0	1056.6	1078.8	1101.7	1125.3
40	1012.3	1033.0	1054.5	1076.6	1099.4	1122.9
45	1010.2	1030.8	1052.2	1074.2	1096.9	1120.3
50	1007.9	1028.5	1049.7	1071.6	1094.3	1117.5
55	1005.5	1026.0	1047.1	1068.9	1091.5	1114.7
60	1002.9	1023.3	1044.4	1066.1	1088.5	1111.6

Dynamic viscosity — cP (mPa·s)

°C \ wt%	2	4	6	8	10	12
15	1.261	1.396	1.546	1.712	1.895	2.097
20	1.097	1.200	1.314	1.437	1.572	1.720
25	0.966	1.048	1.137	1.234	1.339	1.451
30	0.860	0.927	0.999	1.077	1.161	1.251
35	0.771	0.828	0.888	0.953	1.022	1.097
40	0.698	0.746	0.797	0.852	0.911	0.973
45	0.635	0.677	0.722	0.769	0.820	0.873
50	0.581	0.618	0.658	0.699	0.743	0.790
55	0.535	0.568	0.603	0.640	0.679	0.721
60	0.495	0.524	0.556	0.589	0.624	0.661

Specific heat capacity — J/kg·K

°C \ wt%	2	4	6	8	10	12
15	4093	3997	3901	3807	3713	3619
20	4093	4002	3911	3821	3731	3643
25	4093	4005	3917	3829	3743	3657
30	4093	4006	3920	3835	3750	3667
35	4093	4008	3923	3839	3755	3673
40	4094	4009	3925	3842	3759	3678
45	4094	4010	3927	3844	3762	3681
50	4095	4012	3928	3846	3764	3683
55	4097	4013	3930	3848	3766	3686
60	4099	4015	3932	3850	3769	3688

Typical values

Copper(II) sulfate solution properties at 25 °C

At 25 °C, 4 wt% copper(II) sulfate has a density of about 1038.5 kg/m³, a dynamic viscosity of about 1.048 cP and a specific heat capacity of about 4005 J/kg·K. At 25 °C, 8 wt% copper(II) sulfate has a density of about 1082.6 kg/m³, a dynamic viscosity of about 1.234 cP and a specific heat capacity of about 3829 J/kg·K. At 25 °C, 12 wt% copper(II) sulfate has a density of about 1129.6 kg/m³, a dynamic viscosity of about 1.451 cP and a specific heat capacity of about 3657 J/kg·K.

Limitations

Before you use these numbers

▸Laliberte (2009) aqueous-electrolyte correlation for CuSO4-water. Tabulated for 2-12 wt% over 15-60 degC. The concentration ceiling stays below saturation at the cold end of the table: a saturated solution holds about 16 wt% CuSO4 at 15 degC, rising to about 29 wt% at 60 degC. Concentrations are anhydrous CuSO4; copper sulfate is usually sold as the pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O), which is 64% CuSO4 by mass, so convert before reading the table. Values are for preliminary design; verify against vendor data for critical service.
▸Values are tabulated only inside the 2–12 wt% and 15–60 °C ranges shown; the correlation is not extrapolated beyond them here.
▸Figures are for a pure copper(II) sulfate–water system. Commercial grades contain impurities (for example chloride in some caustic grades) that shift density and viscosity; check the supplier's data sheet for a specific product.
▸Use for preliminary design; verify for critical service.

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