Ammonia solution · NH3
Density, dynamic viscosity and specific heat capacity of aqueous ammonia solution as a function of concentration and temperature, computed from the Laliberté (2009) aqueous-electrolyte correlation. Tabulated over 5–30 wt% and 0–50 °C.
- Also known as
- Aqueous ammonia, Ammonium hydroxide, Aqua ammonia
- CAS number
- 7664-41-7
- Tabulated range
- 5–30 wt% · 0–50 °C
- Properties
- Density · Dynamic viscosity · Specific heat capacity · Specific gravity
- Density
- 906.5kg/m³
- Density
- 0.9065g/cm³
- Specific gravity
- 0.908
- Viscosity
- 1.202cP
- Specific heat
- 4109J/kg·K
Read a value at any point
Move the sliders to interpolate between the tabulated grid points. The readout and chart never go outside the validated 5–30 wt% and 0–50 °C range, and every number is interpolated from the committed table below — nothing is computed from a chemistry model in your browser.
Values are interpolated between the tabulated grid points below — sliders stay within the validated 5–30 wt% and 0–50 °C range.
- Density
- 930.2 kg/m³
- Density
- 0.9302 g/cm³
- Specific gravity
- 0.932
- Dynamic viscosity
- 1.158 cP
- Specific heat
- 4054 J/kg·K
What the numbers tell you
At 25 wt% and 20 °C, aqueous ammonia solution has a density of about 907 kg/m³ (0.906 g/cm³) — roughly 0.91× the density of water. Its dynamic viscosity is about 1.202 cP, against roughly 1 cP for water at the same temperature, and its specific heat is about 4.11 kJ/kg·K — about 98% of water's 4.18 kJ/kg·K. Those differences carry straight into volume-to-mass conversions, pump and pipe sizing, and the heat needed to change its temperature.
A few working strengths
Properties at 20 °C for a handful of concentrations in everyday use, read from the committed grid (interpolated between tabulated points where a grade falls between them). The full table follows below.
| wt% NH3 | °C | Density kg/m³ | SG | Viscosity cP | Sp. heat J/kg·K |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 20 | 978.0 | 0.980 | 1.060 | 4104 |
| 10 | 20 | 958.8 | 0.961 | 1.102 | 4046 |
| 25 | 20 | 906.5 | 0.908 | 1.202 | 4109 |
| 30 | 20 | 890.6 | 0.892 | 1.234 | 4165 |
Where the numbers come from
Every value on this page is computed by a deterministic model — none is entered by hand. The generating method and the references it is checked against:
- ▸Laliberte, M. (2009). A Model for Calculating the Heat Capacity of Aqueous Solutions, with Updated Density and Viscosity Data. J. Chem. Eng. Data 54(6), 1725-1760. doi:10.1021/je8008123
- ▸Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (Perry & Green) - aqueous ammonia (ammonia-water) density data
Model: thermo==0.4.0 (chemicals==1.3.0) - Laliberte 2009 electrolyte correlation · Generated 2026-06-07
Checked against a cited value
The model is cross-checked at one independently cited reference point. The page is published only because this check passes.
| Property / point | Density · 25 wt% · 20 °C |
| Cited reference value | 907 kg/m3 |
| Model computed | 906.54 kg/m3 |
| Error vs reference | 0.05% (tolerance 1%) |
Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (ammonia-water density data). Aqueous ammonia (ammonia-water) density-concentration data, Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook: 25 wt% NH3 at 20 degC = 0.907 g/cm3. Cross-checked against a published standard aqueous-ammonia density table giving 0.906 g/cm3 at ~25 wt%, 20 degC.
Every tabulated point
Rows are temperature (°C); columns are concentration (wt% NH3). Read the cell at the intersection. Specific gravity is density divided by the model water reference of 998.2 kg/m³ at 20 °C.
| °C \ wt% | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 981.2 | 963.9 | 947.8 | 932.8 | 918.7 | 905.4 |
| 5 | 980.8 | 963.0 | 946.3 | 930.6 | 915.8 | 901.8 |
| 10 | 980.1 | 961.8 | 944.5 | 928.2 | 912.8 | 898.1 |
| 15 | 979.2 | 960.4 | 942.6 | 925.7 | 909.7 | 894.4 |
| 20 | 978.0 | 958.8 | 940.6 | 923.2 | 906.5 | 890.6 |
| 25 | 976.6 | 957.1 | 938.5 | 920.6 | 903.4 | 886.9 |
| 30 | 975.1 | 955.3 | 936.3 | 917.9 | 900.3 | 883.2 |
| 35 | 973.4 | 953.4 | 934.1 | 915.3 | 897.2 | 879.6 |
| 40 | 971.6 | 951.5 | 931.8 | 912.7 | 894.1 | 876.1 |
| 45 | 969.7 | 949.5 | 929.6 | 910.2 | 891.2 | 872.7 |
| 50 | 967.7 | 947.4 | 927.4 | 907.7 | 888.3 | 869.4 |
| °C \ wt% | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1.904 | 1.990 | 2.067 | 2.139 | 2.207 | 2.278 |
| 5 | 1.613 | 1.685 | 1.748 | 1.807 | 1.862 | 1.920 |
| 10 | 1.386 | 1.446 | 1.498 | 1.546 | 1.592 | 1.639 |
| 15 | 1.206 | 1.256 | 1.299 | 1.339 | 1.377 | 1.415 |
| 20 | 1.060 | 1.102 | 1.138 | 1.171 | 1.202 | 1.234 |
| 25 | 0.940 | 0.975 | 1.006 | 1.034 | 1.059 | 1.086 |
| 30 | 0.840 | 0.871 | 0.897 | 0.920 | 0.941 | 0.963 |
| 35 | 0.756 | 0.783 | 0.805 | 0.824 | 0.842 | 0.860 |
| 40 | 0.686 | 0.708 | 0.727 | 0.743 | 0.758 | 0.773 |
| 45 | 0.625 | 0.644 | 0.660 | 0.674 | 0.686 | 0.698 |
| 50 | 0.572 | 0.589 | 0.603 | 0.615 | 0.625 | 0.635 |
| °C \ wt% | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 4020 | 3895 | 3854 | 3868 | 3917 | 3985 |
| 5 | 4041 | 3936 | 3905 | 3923 | 3971 | 4035 |
| 10 | 4062 | 3976 | 3953 | 3974 | 4021 | 4082 |
| 15 | 4083 | 4012 | 3998 | 4021 | 4067 | 4126 |
| 20 | 4104 | 4046 | 4038 | 4064 | 4109 | 4165 |
| 25 | 4122 | 4077 | 4075 | 4102 | 4147 | 4201 |
| 30 | 4140 | 4105 | 4109 | 4137 | 4182 | 4233 |
| 35 | 4155 | 4131 | 4139 | 4169 | 4213 | 4262 |
| 40 | 4170 | 4154 | 4166 | 4198 | 4241 | 4288 |
| 45 | 4184 | 4175 | 4191 | 4223 | 4266 | 4312 |
| 50 | 4196 | 4195 | 4213 | 4247 | 4288 | 4333 |
Before you use these numbers
- ▸Laliberte (2009) aqueous-electrolyte correlation for NH3-water. Tabulated for 5-30 wt% over 0-50 degC, covering household through industrial aqueous-ammonia strengths. Aqueous ammonia is volatile and loses NH3 to the vapour, increasingly at higher strength and temperature, so closed handling is assumed. Aqueous ammonia is lighter than water, so the heavy Baume scale does not apply and is not shown. Values are for preliminary design; verify against vendor data for critical service.
- ▸Values are tabulated only inside the 5–30 wt% and 0–50 °C ranges shown; the correlation is not extrapolated beyond them here.
- ▸Figures are for a pure ammonia solution–water system. Commercial grades contain impurities (for example chloride in some caustic grades) that shift density and viscosity; check the supplier's data sheet for a specific product.
- ▸Use for preliminary design; verify for critical service.